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Preprocessor Directives in C Preprocessor Directives The preprocessor is a translation phase that is applied to the source code before it is handed over to the compiler. The preprocessor commands can form a whole new language itself. The preprocessor performs textual substitutions on the source code in three different ways – File Inclusion […]
Dynamic Memory Allocation in C Dynamic memory allocation is allocation of memory only when it is needed, that is, at run time (when the program is running). It enables us to create data types and structures of any size and length to suit our program’s need within the program. Using static memory allocation in C,
Recursion in C Recursion A function can call itself directly or indirectly is called recursion, and the function that calls itself (directly or indirectly) is known as recursive function. In C Language, any function can call itself, including main( ) function. Example main( ) { printf(“Ha Ha Ha…! I cannot
Bit fields in C are used when a program needs to store data using very small memory units. Instead of wasting full bytes for simple values like flags or small ranges, bit fields allow developers to use individual bits inside structures. This makes programs more memory efficient and is especially useful in embedded systems, compilers, and low-level programming.
Self Referential Structures in C (Explained with Examples) A self referential structure in C is a structure that contains a member which is a pointer to the same structure type. This concept is fundamental for building dynamic data structures like linked lists, trees, and graphs. If you already understand basic structures in C, this topic
String Handling in C A string in C Language can be defined as a character array terminated with a special character ‘\0’ to mark the end of the string. Unlike some other high-level languages like BASIC language, C does not have built-in “string” type data. So, C has no built-in facilities for manipulating entire arrays(such
Pointer in C Language Let us understand what are the pointers in C, the Pointer operator (*) is used heavily in C Language and also called “value at address“ operator, it is used to fetch the value stored at a particular address. The pointer operator is also known as indirection operator, and has just the
What is a Function A function is a self contained block of code that does some specific task. A function definition has a header and body. Header A header of a function is made up of Return type: It is the data type of the value being returned by the function. If a function
Arrays in C Language An array is an order sequence of finite data items of the same type that share a common name. The common name is the array name. Each individual data item in the in the list is known as element of the array. The name of an array is actually the memory
Control Structures in C The structures of a program which affects the order of execution of the statements are called control structures. The normal execution of statements is in sequential fashion but to change the sequential flow, various control structures are used. Broadly, control structures are of three types- Selection /conditional – executes as
